WERF5T10
Available as an ebook
Please purchase via www.iwaponline.comOpens in new window
Also part of Water Intelligence Online Digital Reference Library
Standard ePrice: £29.00
+ VAT
Available as an ebook
Please purchase via www.iwaponline.comOpens in new window
Also part of Water Intelligence Online Digital Reference Library
Standard ePrice: £29.00
+ VAT
Increasing demand for potable water in Colorado has forced drinking water utilities to consider utilizing water from lower quality sources. These lower quality sources require the use of advanced treatment technologies such as reverse osmosis (RO) or nanofiltration (NF) membranes to treat the water to a level suitable for human consumption. At present, drinking water utilities within Colorado have been reluctant to undertake RO or NF membrane projects due to the uncertainty surrounding the availability of feasible disposal options for the concentrate. Concentrate (brine) minimization and zero liquid discharge (ZLD) are disposal options that may present a long-term solution to concentrate disposal for utilities that need membrane treatment to produce safe drinking water. A pilot test demonstrating concentrate minimization and ZLD will help address the technical and financial uncertainties which currently hinder the implementation of membrane technology.
A multi-step screening approach was used to select concentrate minimization and ZLD technologies for evaluation. Using the 2007 Report of the Colorado Water Quality Forum’s Membrane Treatment Working Group (MTWG) as the point of departure, a comprehensive literature review was completed and published. This review identified 27 different technologies for brine minimization and disposal. Seven of these technologies were carried forward for additional screening to determine their suitability for pilot testing. The technologies were ranked using eight different criteria measuring factors such as potential level of performance, maturity and suitability for use in Colorado. As a result of the rankings a new technology, electrodialysis metathesis (EDM), developed by the Center of Inland Desalination Systems at the University of Texas El Paso, was selected for pilot testing. This technology is integrated into a process called Zero Discharge Desalination (ZDD) being commercialized by Veolia Water.
Also available as part of your Water Inteligence Online subscription
Plasmids are small rings of double stranded DNA that are found in all three domains of life: the Bacteria, the Archaea, and the Eukarya. Plasmids encode for proteins that provide their host...
Chlorinated aromatics, nitroaromatics, and azoaromatics are widely used in industry. As a result, these compounds are commonly present in industrial wastewater. Aerobic biological treatment...
Concern over water quality impacts from an ever increasing array of potential contaminants has become a major challenge for water resource managers. To better understand the linkages between...
The wastewater industry is continuously seeking new technologies that will reduce the need for purchased energy and improve its ability to beneficially recover resources. In addition, within...
This Report synthesizes the main results obtained throughout the ADVISOR research project ("Integrated Evaluation for Sustainable River Basin Governance") funded by the European Commission, under...
This chapters in this book highlight the breadth of smart water technologies and applications. From the use of classical machine learning and data transformation methods for process improvement,...
A compendium of terms and acronyms and their associated definition in common use in the field of water loss management.
...
Implementation of extractive resource recovery technologies at water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) has been limited to date (2015). This research sought to facilitate a more widespread...