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This study has increased knowledge about relationships between pathogen indicators, source identifiers and pathogens to support Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) efforts and the implementation of revised recreational water quality criteria. Data gaps pertaining to waterborne pathogens and indicators in fecally-impacted discharges to recreational waters were identified and filled by targeted monitoring campaigns in three geographic regions. Study design involved simultaneous detection of pathogens in water samples using a combination of genetic, culture- and microscopy-based methodologies for Salmonella, Campylobacter jejuni, Vibrio cholerae, Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Toxoplasma gondii, adenoviruses, enteroviruses, noroviruses, rotaviruses, Bacteroidales, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli.
The project team worked closely with experts and stakeholder groups in order to advance the understanding and applicability of QMRA for risk management purposes. QMRA analyses revealed Norovirus as the most dominant health risk followed by rotavirus. Norovirus and Enterococcus both had significant correlations with a number of pathogens in discharges.
Using qPCR data on the fecal source identifier Bacteroidales a new model can predict the true amount of human fecal contamination in a water sample by relating a human-associated genetic marker to a universal assay for fecal sources. The model output can then be used to implement and evaluate management options intended to restore microbial water quality.
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Surface Complexation Modelling and Aluminum Mediated Phosphorus White Paper
Nutrient removal, specifically phosphorus, is an important objective during wastewater treatment. Chemically mediated phosphorus involves adding metal salts (Al3+, Fe2...
Estimation of Mercury Bioaccumulation Potential from Wastewater Treatment Plants in Receiving Waters: Phase 2
This project was initiated in response to the establishment of mercury TMDLs around the country and issues raised by this process, specifically concerning the issue of mercury bioavailability....
Quantification of Airborne Biological Contaminants Associated with Land-Applied Biosolids
Greater than 50% of all class B biosolids produced in the US are reused by application to agricultural land. The goal of this research was to pair a comprehensive literature review with a field...
Use of Novel Techniques to Quantify Phenotypes in Biological Treatment Process
This research attempts to evaluate nitrification treatment performance in combined carbon/nitrogen municipal wastewater reactors using traditional physical/chemical methods and modern molecular...
Integrating Water Resources Management
The strategy and methodology for improved IWRM project, (STRIVER) has developed interdisciplinary methods to assess and implement IWRM. Based on the development of a multidisciplinary knowledge...
Energy Efficiency in the Water Industry
Available as eBook only.
Over the last decade, energy consumption by the water sector has increased considerably as a consequence of the implementation of new technologies...
Management Practice for Drinking Water Pipelines: Synthesis Report
This report presents state-of-the-art literature and current practice review of management practices for drinking water pipelines. These practices focus on the pipe condition evaluation and...
