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The expanding use of decentralized wastewater management has resulted in an increased interest in small-scale wetland treatment systems. However, there is limited information available on the use, distribution of and performance of these small-scale systems. The purpose of this study was to address this knowledge gap by developing criteria for the feasibility, design, operation, and maintenance of small-scale wetland treatment systems.
Monitoring data from the assembled small-scale wetland database was used to develop sizing criteria for FWS and VSB wetlands. Loading rates and corresponding effluent quality were developed for BOD, TSS, TKN, phosphorus, and fecal coliform bacteria.
Where there was adequate data, the variation in monthly vs. annual average effluent concentration was assessed to provide a factor-of-safety approach to wetland sizing. Information on internal processes, hydraulic design, operation, maintenance, cost, and industrial applications of constructed wetlands is also presented in this report.
Low Phosphorus Analytical Measurement Study
Phosphorus measurements at very low concentrations have been tested and proven to be unreliable. The establishment of stricter phosphorus discharge requirements has challenged the wastewater...
Risks from Ebola Discharge from Hospitals to Sewer Workers
Current World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidance for the disposal of liquid waste from patients undergoing treatment for Ebola virus disease at hospitals...
Treatment Processes for Removal of Emerging Contaminants
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This study was designed to investigate the nature of colloids associated with wastewater effluents and to evaluate the association of emerging...
Renewal Engineering for Drinking Water Pipelines
The research presented in this report was performed in order to compile and better understand the state of the technology for drinking water pipeline renewal engineering methodologies and...
Benchmarking Water Services
Benchmarking has become a key tool in the water industry to promote and achieve performance targets for utilities. The use of this tool for performance improvement through systematic search and...
Customer Experience Management for Water Utilities: Marketing urban water supply
Customer Experience Management for Water Utilities presents a practical framework for water utilities to become more focussed on their customers. This framework is founded on Service-...
Quantitative Tools to Determine the Expected Performance of Unit Process in Wastewater Treatment Units
Onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS) are an important part of water management infrastructure in the United States. Thus, proper OWTS selection, design, installation, operation and...
Best Practices for the Treatment of Wet Weather Wastewater Flows
During wet weather events, separate and combined wastewater collection systems deliver substantial amounts of storm water runoff to wastewater treatment plants. Often these flows...