Werf Report 03-CTS-22UR
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Available as an ebook
Please purchase via www.iwaponline.comOpens in new window
Also part of Water Intelligence Online Digital Reference Library
Standard ePrice: £29.00
+ VAT
Municipal wastewater treatment facilities were not specifically designed to remove xenobiotics such as endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). European studies have described the need for a minimum critical SRT to achieve good removal of EDCs and pharmaceuticals. These studies have presented limited data on PPCPs from full-scale facilities. The objective of this study was to expand published findings to the removal of twenty PPCPs commonly found in the influent of full-scale treatment facilities operating in the United States. The six selected facilities cover operating SRT conditions ranging from 0.5 to 30 days and include facility capacities in excess of 300 mgd.
The results demonstrate a wide distribution in both the occurrence of these compounds in the influent to secondary treatment processes and the percentage removal achieved through secondary treatment.
The twenty PPCPs were categorized into nine bin combinations of occurrence and treatment reduction. While a large number of these compounds were well removed, one in particular (galaxolide) occurred frequently and was resistant to removal.
A minimum critical SRT, defined in this study as the minimum time needed to consistently demonstrate greater than 80 percent removal (SRT80), was determined for the twenty target compounds. SRT80 was compound-dependent with most compounds consistently removed at 5 to 15 days.
This nationwide study has gathered data/information for and examined the performance of large-scale decentralized and small community wastewater systems and flows...
The objectives of this project were to develop (1) a better understanding of the effects of storage on reclaimed water quality, (2) a methodology to help understand/predict water quality...
A scientifically sound approach is needed to ensure that flushable consumer products are compatible with household plumbing fixtures, as well as wastewater collection and treatment systems. ...
The drinking water and wastewater industries are interested in developing a better understanding of sources of fecal contamination. Microbial source tracking (MST) offers the potential to...
A general review of literature published from 1990 to 2000 and unpublished (gray) literature on odors associated with municipal wastewater collection systems and treatment facilities, including...
Technology offers one of the significant levers that utility managers have available to truly “do more with less.” But it often is difficult for managers to know how much to spend on technology,...
Wastewater disinfection is practiced with the goal of reducing risks of human exposure to pathogenic microorganisms. Ideally, this goal is to be met without introducing other risks, such as those...
The galvano-coagulator is a technology developed in the former Soviet Union in the 1980s. The major feature of the technology is that it appears to be an effective process in hexavalent chromium...