Available as an ebook
Please purchase via www.iwaponline.comOpens in new window
Also part of Water Intelligence Online Digital Reference Library
Standard ePrice: £29.00
+ VAT
Approximately 23 percent of the estimated 115 million occupied homes in the United States are served by onsite wastewater systems. The vast majority of onsite wastewater treatment systems include a septic tank, grease trap, or both for primary treatment. These units are efficient, simple, low-energy treatment units whose performance is critically important to the overall functioning of onsite wastewater systems. Regulations, industry standards, guidance materials and engineering texts vary widely and are often incomplete in their consideration of the factors that may influence primary unit performance in onsite systems.
The objective of this research was therefore to identify, compile, analyze, and report on the existing body of work addressing the performance of primary treatment units in onsite wastewater systems and the factors impacting performance. Design, construction/installation, and maintenance issues were considered, with a goal of establishing what is known, what is not known and what future research is needed in this area.
Over 700 sources of information were collected, with most reviewed and presented in this document – the white paper. A bibliographic database, which can continue to be updated into the future, was developed as a companion piece to the white paper, as a tool for researchers and practitioners.
Demonstrating Advanced Oxidation Coupled with Biodegradation for Removal of Carbamazepine
Carbamazepine is hydrophilic anthropogenic pharmaceutical found in wastewater effluents that is quite resistant to removal by conventional wastewater treatment processes....
Utility Benchmarking for Wastewater Synthesis Report
A robust performance evaluation process greatly enhances wastewater utilitys ability to achieve and measure improvement in performance in many key areas. A major contribution from this study is...
Stormwater Non-Potable Beneficial Uses and Effects on Urban Infrastructure
This project shows that lessons learned and successes from a wide variety of international stormwater beneficial use projects cover a range of conditions that may be found in the U.S. Examined are...
Factors for Success in Developing Use Attainability Analysis
A Use Attainability Analysis (UAA) is a process to review and potentially modify a waterbody’s designated uses, as embodied in the state water quality standards. A UAA...
Transforming Our Cities: High-Performance Green Infrastructure
Traditional approaches to stormwater management include construction of large, centralized end-of-pipe or interceptor solutions that can be extraordinarily expensive. The goal of this research is...
Stakeholder Engagement for Inclusive Water Governance
This report assesses the current trends, drivers, obstacles, mechanisms, impacts, costs and benefits of stakeholder engagement in the water sector. It builds on empirical data collected through an...
Development of the Integrated Urban Water Model
The challenges of addressing the needs of aging water and wastewater infrastructure require new management approaches. Traditional municipal water management practices may not be the most cost...
Optimizing Biotreatment: Integrated Process Models and Control Strategies
The overall objective of this research project is to develop and implement model-based control strategies for improving biological treatment and document the methodology, benefits, and effort...