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The overall aim of this research was to evaluate membrane bioreactor (MBR) process designs to meet low effluent nitrogen and/or phosphorus concentrations from municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and to identify design and operating issues that are unique to the application of MBR technology for achieving a high level of nutrient removal, such as effluent concentrations for total nitrogen (TN) below 3 to 6 mg/L and for total phosphorus (TP) below 0.1 to 1.0 mg/L. The application of membrane bioreactors has increased rapidly over the past two decades, expanding knowledge and experience with the technology. Textbooks and other publications are available that provide fundamental information on membrane separation, terminology specific to MBRs, as well as information on the process and detailed design of MBR systems. The fundamentals and design considerations of biological nutrient removal systems have also been documented. This document does not provide the above mentioned details on the MBR technology or nutrient removal, and the reader is referred to the texts below for such information. However, key definitions of process terminology are defined where it is important to provide clarity for the reader.
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Low Phosphorus Analytical Measurement Study
Phosphorus measurements at very low concentrations have been tested and proven to be unreliable. The establishment of stricter phosphorus discharge requirements has challenged the wastewater...
Solids Role in Tertiary Chemical Phosphorus Removal by Alum
The need to control and remove phosphorus (P) in discharges from wastewater treatment facilities (WWTF) to prevent eutrophication of receiving waters is well known. Regulatory initiatives are...
Factors Influencing the Reliability of Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal
Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) has been used for decades to remove phosphorus from municipal wastewater because it allows facilities to meet water quality goals while minimizing...
Reduction of Pathogens, Indicator Bacteria, and Alternative Indicators by Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation Processes
In wastewater reclamation systems, microbiological monitoring is conducted to ensure that the users of reclaimed water are exposed to minimal risks from exposure to pathogens. Typically, utilities...
Best Practices for Sustainable Wastewater Treatment: Initial Case Study Incorporating European Experience and Evaluation Tool Concept
The primary goal of the Optimization Challenge is to develop an approach that will allow the wastewater sector to achieve treatment goals while reducing the resources expended by 20% or more. The...
Source Separation and Treatment of Anthropogenic Urine
Anthropogenic urine, although only 1% of domestic wastewater flow, is responsible for 50-80% of the nutrients and a substantial portion of the pharmaceuticals and hormones present in the influent...
Towards a Renewable Future: Assessing Resource Recovery as a Viable Treatment Alternative: State of the Science and Market Assessment
Implementation of extractive resource recovery technologies at water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) has been limited to date (2015). This research sought to facilitate a more widespread...
Fate of Engineered Nanomaterials in Wastewater Biosolids, Land Application, and Incineration
Laboratory experiments were conducted using two types of well characterized ENMs, including ENMs of similar size but different surface functional group and ENMs...
Non-traditional Indicators of System Performance
The use of real-time sensors and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems has become commonplace in large centralized wastewater treatment systems. On-line sensors and SCADA...
Developing Better Indicators for Pathogen Presence in Sewage Sludge
Today, more than eight million tons of biosolids are generated annually for land application nationwide. These biosolids contain beneficial plant nutrients, soil conditioners, and may contain...
Desalination Technology
Desalination Technology: Health and Environmental Impacts covers the latest developments in desalination, examining the environmental and public health-related impacts of these technologies....